A left inferior vena cava with crossover to the right: a case report

نویسنده

  • Peter A. ONGOM
چکیده

Introduction Variations of the anatomy of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are quite common given the complex nature of the embryologic development of the venous system [1–3]. Cases of absent IVC [4], double IVC, transposition of IVC (also known as a left IVC) have all been documented [5]. Other well-founded variations are a persistent left IVC [1] and malformations associated with right renal aplasia, renal hypoplasia and hypertrophic kidneys [3–5].

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تاریخ انتشار 2013